Definition and Examples of Epigrams in English

An epigram is a concise, clever, and sometimes paradoxical statement or line of verse. Adjective: epigrammatic. Also called, simply, a saying. A person who composes or uses epigrams is an  epigrammatist. Benjamin Franklin, Ralph Waldo Emerson, and Oscar Wilde are all known for their highly epigrammatic writing styles.Irish poet Jane Wilde (who wrote under the pen name Speranza) observed that epigram is always better than an argument in conversation. Examples and Observations The more corrupt the state, the more numerous the laws.(Tacitus)There are no gains without pains.(Benjamin Franklin, The Way to Wealth)If you would not be forgotten as soon as you are dead and rotten, either write things worth reading or do things worth the writing.(Benjamin Franklin)The Child is father of the Man.(William Wordsworth, My Heart Leaps Up)The only way to have a friend is to be one.(Ralph Waldo Emerson, On Friendship)A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines.(Ralph Waldo Emerson, Self-Reliance)In Wildness is the preservation of the world.(Henry David Thoreau, Walking)The old believe everything: the middle-aged suspect everything: the young know everything.(Oscar Wilde, Phrases and Philosophies for the Use of the Young)All women become like their mothers. That is their tragedy. No man does. Thats his.(Oscar Wilde, The Importance of Being Earnest)No one is completely unhappy at the failure of his best fr iend.(Groucho Marx)The only ism Hollywood believes in is plagiarism.(Dorothy Parker)Great people talk about  ideas, average people talk about things, and small people talk about other peopleGreat people talk about ideas, average people talk about things, and small people talk about wine.(Fran Lebowitz)Asked for his  favorite epigram, Karl Marx responded, de omnibus disputandum, i.e., doubt everything.†(Dan Subotnik, Toxic Diversity. NYU Press, 2005)Audiences are always better pleased with a smart retort, some joke or epigram, than with any amount of reasoning.(Charlotte Perkins Gilman)What is an epigram? A dwarfish whole, its body brevity, and wit its soul.(Samuel Coleridge)The art of newspaper paragraphing is to stroke a platitude until it purrs like an epigram.(Don Marquis)A brilliant epigram is a solemn platitude gone to a masquerade ball.(Lionel Strachey)Three things must epigrams, like bees, have all:A sting and honey and a body small.(Latin verse, quoted by J. Symond s, Studies of the Greek Poets, 1877) Renaissance Epigrams: Gall, Vinegar, Salt, and Honey In the Renaissance, George Puttenham remarked that the epigram is a short and sweete form in which every mery conceited man might without any long studie or tedious ambage, make his friend sport, and anger his foe, and give a prettie nip, or shew a sharpe conceit [i.e., idea] in few verses (The Art of English Poesy, 1589). Epigrams of both praise and blame were a popular Renaissance genre, notably in the poetry of Ben Jonson. The critic J.C. Scaliger in his Poetics (1560) divided epigrams into four kinds: gall, vinegar, salt, and honey (that is, an epigram could be bitterly angry, sour, salacious, or sweet).(David Mikics, A New Handbook of Literary Terms. Yale University Press, 2007) Types of Epigrams The Epigram is expressed in various ways: A. In the Epigrammatic style. It now refers to a style marked by point and brevity. It does not necessarily involve contrast.B. Emphatic assertion. What I have written, I have written.C. Indirect or concealed statement. A kind of mingling of literal and figurative.D. PunningE. Paradox (T. Hunt, Principles of Written Discourse, 1884) The Lighter Side of Epigrams Jeremy Usborne: Oh come on, mate. How am I going to see Nancy again if you dont give me a pass? She clearly hates me. Mark Corrigan: Well, maybe you should take that as a sign. Jeremy Usborne: Im not giving up that easily. Faint heart never won fair maid. Mark Corrigan: Right. The epigram that starts the stalkers manifesto.(Robert Webb and David Mitchell in Gym. Peep Show, 2007) Pronunciation: EP-i-gram EtymologyFrom the Greek,  epigramma,  inscription

Poems from Different Cultures - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 390 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/18 Category Literature Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Information Essay Poem Essay Did you like this example? Poems from diferent cultures During the poem limbo (by Edward kamau Brathwaite) is more of a cultural poem than a tradition. As the poem discribes a stressful and upseting time black people lived through. The way they were moved from Africa to America to the United Kingdom. In between the rows three to six, it repeats the same word again, this in my opinion indicates the ship swayimg in the sea. The way the humans underneath the half roted lank of wooden felt. This shows that they were kept under complete silence. Tied with metal chains, not a movement was made. But as for the poem island man (by Grace Nichols) is a poem that can be viewed as a cultural poem as well as tradition. The poem describes the way a man lives on a island known as London but left in peace and quiet. This can be explained culture as it shows the way the man is able to live through what is known as a busy city. What to do and how to deal with a situation. Also in the last stanza the poet is giving a simple mapping of information. The repeated words gives an impression of the persons fellings. The language of each poem is different, limbo indicates that it was writen in the time of when this occurred, it even may have been writen by someone who lived these terrors. But the passion of the poet trying to send the message across of how life was down underneath the sky, underneath footsteps and underneath planks of wood. As for the poem island man indicates that it was writen, also in the times of when life was difficult as you do not find people who live peacefully in the island, also the relaxed life that he lives. Day by day reapeated. Underneath sky, breathing in the freash air. In both poems the the poet is from race and are writing about there country or were they come from. Limbo you are able to tell the the poet is black and is explaining the life that some black people had to go through. The poem island man you are able to tell that they are from london trying to expl ain were they are from and how standard life is in thr rich city known as London. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Poems from Different Cultures" essay for you Create order

John Dewey, Paulo Freire And W. E. B. Du Bois - 929 Words

True revolutionary thinkers’ parish long before their advance philosophies or contributions to society are fully realized. This is true of John Dewey, Paulo Freire, and W.E.B. Du Bois. They were beacons in the dark lighting the way for society. Each progressive during their generation. This first analysis paper will look at the lives, beliefs, ethics, perceptions of justice, and ideas on current educational practice of Dewey, Freire, and Du Bois. Individuals are effected by the lives they live. According to David Hansen in the book titled, Ethical Visions of Education: Philosophies in Practice (2007), John Dewey lived from 1859-1952. During his 93 years Dewey encountered growing up during an age of great change. According to the web-site†¦show more content†¦Dewey also thought that the educator could learn just as much from the student, as the student could from the educator. As well, Dewey understood people were lifelong learners. Likewise, according to Stephen Fishm an and Lucille McCarthy (2007), Paulo Freire believed that instructors should become â€Å"co-learners† with their students. Freire also thought Marxism and Christianity went hand in hand. A belief that we are our brother’s keeper. According to the Freire Institute (2017), Freire held that individuals should help each other to understand their complete potential in life. Similarly, W.E.B. Du Bois, according to Rodino Anderson (2007), believed everyone had a gift to share with others. Du Bois also alleged that education was the way out of a depraved social and economic state. Now looking at ethics and the perception of justice, according to David Hansen (2007) Dewey thought individuals should learn from everyone, not just a few. Dewey had the insight that there was no boundary to how consequential a person’s existence can develop. Equally, Freire, according to Stephan Fishman and Lucille McCarthy (2007), wanted an enriched further reasonable outlook for people. F reire believed it was right for the underdog to strive for better conditions. Freire notion of justice is a world that is equal, poverty-free, and fair for all. Equally, W.E.B. Du Bois, according to Rodino Anderson (2007), believed in

Anorexia Nervosa Essay Conclusion Example For Students

Anorexia Nervosa Essay Conclusion Anorexia nervosa Overview | Treatment | Images Definition An eating disorder associated with a distorted body image that may be caused by a mental disorder. Inadequate calorie intake results in severe weight loss (see also bulimia and intentional weight loss). Alternative names Eating disorder anorexia nervosa Causes, incidences, and risk factors The exact cause of this disorder is not known, but social attitudes towards body appearance and family factors play a role in its development. The condition affects females more frequently, usually in adolescence or young adulthood. Gorging followed by vomiting (spontaneous or self-induced) and inappropriate use of laxatives or diuretics are behaviors that may accompany this disorder. Risk factors are being Caucasian, having an upper or middle economic background, being female, and having a goal-oriented family or personality. The incidence is 4 out of 100,000 people. Prevention In some cases, prevention may not be possible. Encouraging hea lthy, realistic attitudes toward weight and diet may be helpful. Sometimes, counselling can help. Symptoms weight loss of 25% or greater cold intolerance constipation menstruation, absent skeletal muscle atrophy loss of fatty tissue low blood pressure dental cavities increased susceptibility to infection blotchy or yellow skin dry hair, hair loss depression (may be presenthttp://health.yahoo.com/health/dc/000362/0.htmlAnorexia NervosaAnorexia nervosa is a serious, potentially life-threatening eating disorder characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss. Anorexia Nervosa has five primary symptoms:Refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for height, body type, age, and activity level. Intense fear of weight gain or being fat.Feeling fat or overweight despite dramatic weight loss. Loss of menstrual periods in girls and women post-puberty. Extreme concern with body weight and shape. The chances for recovery increase the earlier anorexia nervosa is detected. Therefore, it is important to be aware of some of the warning signs of anorexia nervosa. Warning Signs of Anorexia Nervosa:Dramatic weight loss. Preoccupation with weight, food, calories, fat grams, and dieting . Refusal to eat certain foods, progressing to restrictions against whole categories of food (i.e., no carbohydrates, etc.). Frequent comments about feeling fat or overweight despite weight loss. Anxiety about gaining weight or being fat.Denial of hunger. Development of food rituals (i.e., eating foods in certain orders, excessive chewing, rearranging food on a plate). Consistent excuses to avoid mealtimes or situations involving food. Excessive, rigid exercise regimendespite weather, fatigue, illness, or injury, the need to burn off calories taken in. Withdrawal from usual friends and activities. In general, behaviors and attitudes indicating that weight loss, dieting, and control of food are becoming primary concerns. Health Consequences of Anorexia Nervosa:Anorexia nervosa involves self-starvation. The body is denied the essential nutrients it needs to function normally, so it is forced to slow down all of its processes to conserve energy. This slowing down can have serious medical consequences:Abnormally slow heart rate and low blood pressure, which mean that the heart muscle is changing. The risk for heart failure rises as heart rate and blood pressure levels sink lower and lower. Reduction of bone density (osteoporosis), which results in dry, brittle bones. Muscle loss and weakness. Severe dehydration, which can result in kidney failure. Fainting, fatigue, and overall weakness. Dry hair and skin, hair loss is common. Growth of a downy layer of hair called lanugo all over the body, including the face, in an effort to keep the body warm. About Anorexia Nervosa:Approximately 90-95% of anorexia nervosa sufferers are girls and women (Gidwani, 1997). Between 1-2% of American women suffer from anorexia nervosa (Zerbe, 1995). Anorexia nervosa is one of the most common psychiatric diagnoses in young women (Hsu, 1996). .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 , .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .postImageUrl , .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 , .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:hover , .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:visited , .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:active { border:0!important; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:active , .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541 .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uf013d51053af87d327bd8f43f9013541:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Children And Violence EssayBetween 5-20% of individuals struggling with anorexia nervosa will die. The probabilities of death increases within that range depending on the length of the condition (Zerbe, 1995). Anorexia nervosa has one of the highest death rates of any mental health condition. Anorexia nervosa typically appears in early to mid-adolescence. References:Gidwani, G.P. and Rome, E.S. (1997). Eating Disorders. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology, 40(3), 601-615. Hsu, G.L.K. (1996). Epidemiology of the Eating Disorders. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 19(4), 681-697. Zerbe, K.J. (1995). The Body Betrayed. Carlsbad, CA: Grze Books. http://www.edap.org/

Attitudes Essay Essay Example

Attitudes Essay Paper The former does this by a ale narrator writing a poem to a female, using Imagery to entice her. The latter by using a duke, explaining the story of what happened to his previous wife whilst looking at her picture. Both the poems use imagery and other poetic devices but in different ways. The first uses them more often to impress her. The second uses them in a different sense as the better part of the poem is the description of his previous wife and how she died. Also they differ in their use of tone, language, style and devices. The poem His Coy is an argument and therefore structured like one. The poem has three stanzas; the first and second are premises, whilst the last Is used as a conclusion. This forms a logical argument; 1. ? we 2. 3. As the motive of the poem Is to convince his mistress to have sex with him the quotation shows this as It Is modeled as a persuasive argument. What this tells us about the narrator Is that he will do anything to get what he wants even If the other person In the time it was written it was a crime in society for a woman to have sex before she gets married, in the poem she is not as only his mistress. Attitudes Essay Sample We will write a custom essay sample on Attitudes Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Attitudes Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Attitudes Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Compare and Contrast the Attitudes and Values of the Two Compare and Contrast the Attitudes and Values of the Two Compare and Contrast the Attitudes and Values of the Two He is insensitive and selfish as he respect her values, it loud only be for his pleasure. In comparison Last is a dramatic monologue whilst using enjambment, Far hands/Worked busily a and is written in iambic pentameter. In the poem most of the lines do not end with any type of punctuation, enjambment. The poem being a dramatic monologue adds to the eccentric behavior, also this makes him seem like he was dominant over his previous wife which is his view on woman, that they are below him. In Dalton as he uses the enjambment this exaggerates the tone he uses. This makes him seem angry at her, which Is why he ended up taking her life. However at the end there Is more punctuation which suggests Tanat en NAS remnant mess T Tanat en NAS a violators Ana Decodes calmer. As the poem is written in rhymed iambic pentameter, it maintains an even beat throughout the poem. Iambic pentameter has been said to be the most natural cadence of the English language. It consists of an iamb, which is two syllables: an unstressed followed by a stressed. An example of an iamb might be the words â€Å"a heart,† drawn from the lines: â€Å"A heart-how shall I say? O soon made This shows that the duke sounds calm, using a standard English rhythm of speech. However this contrasts with the enjambment which makes his actions seem normal. Through the structure of the poems it shows that the two narrators attitudes are similar because they think that they have power over women, they are above them. However it also shows they are unlike as in the former poem he is being selfish and what he wants is only for his pleasure, whilst the latter narrator show this quality. In the first poem the speaker uses imagery, alliteration and different statements to try to impress and flatter his lover. It starts off with a hyperbolic statement to make an impact, we but world enough, and imagery constantly throughout, of vast eternity?C,-1?0 and alliteration This shows a sensitive side of the speaker, he uses these poetic devices to make a greater meaning and give the poem more feeling. Also some of the imagery he uses greatly appeals to the readers senses, this makes him seem very persuasive and sly as he purposefully chose these words to do what it does. The alliteration contributes to the euphony of the passage lending it a musical and more poetic air. This shows he knows how to write a love poem and he again he has all the right techniques for persuading a person. The second poem goes also use imagery, however in a different way and for a different purpose. The narrator is describing the duchess to the emissary my last duchess painted on the This shows he is only describing the painting but as he is using the imagery he describes what she was like and how she made him angry. However as he describes her it makes her seem like she is Just an object, which she was to him. This is his view of woman, that they belong to a man which was very common belief at that time. From the poetic devices used their attitudes are different because in the first he shows his sensitive side and tries to put a bit of nuance into it. However the imagery in the second goes against him as he believes that she was his object and belonged to him. In both poems there is the recurrent theme of irony. In His Coy Mistress?C,-1?0 the entire first section is ironic in the sense that the speaker knows he being genuine. The speaker uses words to his advantage and we can take little of what he says to be truthful. In Line 1, we but world enough, and The first section of the poem is a series of hyperbolic statements meant to impress and flatter the reader but the first word sets this section in the subjective tense. Essentially he is saying if they were to live forever he would promise her all of these things. However of course they live forever and the speaker knows this before he starts the flattery. Line 19, lady, you deserve this Part of the speaker irony here is the knowledge is that although the lady might deserve it, she is immortal so she cannot have it. All of his extravagant assertions throughout this section are put in perspective because they are only based on fantasy. What this tells us tout ten narrator Is Tanat en wall say anything, even IT It Is contracted Day enamels, just to get this woman to sleep with him. This shows he is very persuasive but sin? at all genuine. In comparison in Last Duchess?C,-1?0 verbal irony is demonstrated when the Duke says to the emissary, had you skill, In speech (which I have The Duke is not a modest man but this makes him seem slightly humble in the middle of his domineering speech, this establishes situational irony. This shows how the Duke needs control and complete power and he causes a weariness to overcome the reader through irony. From the irony used in the poems, they are different because in the first its shows that he is to genuine and that he only says these things to get his mistress to sleep with him. Only says these words to get what he wants and for his pleasure. Then in the second it shows the need of complete control over her and his dominance. His Coy Mistress?C,-1?0 is a poem in which the speaker tries to convince the listener to go to bed with him, as such we might expect the tone to be coarse, lusty or even insincere as the presumption is that the speaker will say anything to argue his case. There is a light hearted tone to the poem, which suffers when the concept of death is brought up. The overall tone is more melancholy than what would have been expected. The speaker says, hundred to adore each As throughout the entire first section of the poem, here the speaker flatters his lover to the point of exaggeration. This makes the tone in this section insincere and indecent. The poet speaks about death using the words, ? and What he says here alters the tone initiated in the first section through imagery associated with decomposition. These words institutes the realism of death. The tone here is sincere and melancholic and its effect lasting. Then the speaker increases the tempo and uses words like, and This is in the final section of the poem. These words give emphasis to the tone but they have been affected by the pensive mood which was set before. In comparison in Last Duchess?C,-1?0 the duke makes the poem about him by using words like, this makes the tone of the poem arrogant and possessive. However the sentence structure the Duke has used creates a conversational tone. It is the tone in which the duke speaks of his previous wife which displays the disturbing psychology behind his actions. From the tone the two poems differ. The former attitude is insincere at the beginning but then becomes nine yet melancholy. Whilst the latter is arrogant and possessive. In conclusion the poets attitude in His Coy Mistress?C,-1?0 is that he is a selfish man, who is only writing this for his pleasure. He is being romantic in the first section by complimenting her a lot and saying she is worth everything. But then he says she have it which makes him insincere and not genuine at all. He is also slightly melancholic towards the end. The aim of the poem was to persuade his mistress to sleep with him. I think he has done this rather well because he uses very rueful persuasive techniques and has used ways of appealing to the listener. The poets attitude in Last Duchess?C,-1?0 is that he thinks he has power over women and they are beneath him. He saw his last wife as an object which he was in possession of which bring with that a need of control over her. He is also moldering Ana arrogant. I en alma AT tans poem Is to explain ten plectrum AT Nils last duchess and what happened to her. He has done this, as it is only describing. However Browning shows us the traits of the Duke without ever mentioning them explicitly.

About The Deadly Tangshan Earthquake

About The Deadly Tangshan Earthquake At 3:42 a.m. on July 28, 1976, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake hit the sleeping city of Tangshan, in northeastern China. The very large earthquake, striking an area where it was totally unexpected, obliterated the city of Tangshan and killed over 240,000 people - making it the deadliest earthquake of the twentieth century. Fireballs and Animals Give Warning Though scientific earthquake prediction is in its nascent stages, nature often gives some advance warning of an impending earthquake. In a village outside of Tangshan, well water reportedly rose and fell three times the day before the earthquake. In another village, gas began to spout out the water well on July 12 and then increased on July 25th and 26th. Other wells throughout the area showed signs of cracking. Animals also gave a warning that something was about to happen. One thousand chickens in Baiguantuan refused to eat and ran around excitedly chirping. Mice and yellow weasels were seen running around looking for a place to hide. In one household in the city of Tangshan, a goldfish began jumping wildly in its bowl. At 2 a.m. on July 28, shortly before the earthquake struck, the goldfish jumped out of its bowl. Once its owner had returned him to his bowl, the goldfish continued to jump out of its bowl until the earthquake hit.1 Strange? Indeed. These were isolated incidents, spread across a city of a million people and a countryside scattered with villages. But nature gave additional warnings. The night preceding the earthquake, July 27-28, many people reported seeing strange lights as well as loud sounds. The lights were seen in a multitude of hues. Some people saw flashes of light; others witnessed fireballs flying across the sky. Loud, roaring noises followed the lights and fireballs. Workers at the Tangshan airport described the noises as louder than that of an airplane.2 The Earthquake Strikes When the 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck Tangshan at 3:42 a.m. on July 28, over a million people lay sleeping, unaware of the disaster that was to befall them. As the earth began to shake, a few people who were awake had the forethought to dive under a table or other heavy piece of furniture, but most were asleep and did not have time. The entire earthquake lasted approximately 14 to 16 seconds. Once the quake was over, the people who could, scrambled out into the open, only to see the entire city levelled. After an initial period of shock, the survivors began to dig through debris to answer the muffled calls for help as well as find loved ones still under rubble. As injured people were saved from under the rubble, they were lain on the side of the road. Many of the medical personnel were also trapped under debris or killed by the earthquake. The medical centers were destroyed as well as the roads to get there. Survivors were faced with no water, no food, and no electricity. All but one of the roads into Tangshan was undrivable. Unfortunately, relief workers accidentally clogged the one remaining road, leaving them and their supplies stuck for hours in the traffic jam. People needed help immediately; survivors could not wait for help to arrive. Survivors formed groups to dig for others. They set up medical areas where emergency procedures were conducted with the minimum of supplies. They searched for food and set up temporary shelters. Though 80 percent of the people trapped under rubble were saved, a 7.1 magnitude aftershock that hit in the afternoon of July 28 sealed the fate for many who had been waiting under the rubble for help. After the earthquake hit, 242,419 people lay dead or dying, along with another 164,581 people who were severely injured. In 7,218 households, all members of the family were killed by the earthquake. Corpses were buried quickly, usually close to the residences in which they perished. This later caused health problems, especially after it rained and the bodies were again exposed. Workers had to find these impromptu graves, dig up the bodies, and then move and rebury the corpses outside of the city.3 Damage and Recovery Before the 1976 earthquake, scientists didnt think Tangshan was susceptible to a large earthquake; thus, the area was zoned an intensity level of VI on the Chinese intensity scale (similar to the Mercalli scale). The 7.8 earthquake that hit Tangshan was given an intensity level of XI (out of XII). The buildings in Tangshan were not built to withstand such a large earthquake. Ninety-three percent of residential buildings and 78 percent of industrial buildings were completely destroyed. Eighty percent of the water pumping stations were seriously damaged and the water pipes were damaged throughout the city. Fourteen percent of the sewage pipes were severely damaged. The foundations of bridges gave way, causing the bridges to collapse. Railroad lines bent. Roads were covered with debris as well as riddled with fissures. With so much damage, recovery was not easy. Food was a high priority. Some food was parachuted in, but the distribution was uneven. Water, even just for drinking, was extremely scarce. Many people drank out of pools or other locations that had become contaminated during the earthquake. Relief workers eventually got water trucks and others to transport clean drinking water into the affected areas. After the emergency care was given, the rebuilding of Tangshan began almost immediately. Though it took time, the entire city was rebuilt and is again home to over a million people, earning Tangshan the name Brave City of China. Notes 1. Chen Yong, et al, The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: An Anatomy of Disaster (New York: Pergamon Press, 1988) 53.2. Yong, Great Tangshan 53.3. Yong, Great Tangshan 70. Bibliography Ash, Russell. The Top 10 of Everything, 1999. New York: DK Publishing, Inc., 1998. Yong, Chen, et al. The Great Tangshan Earthquake of 1976: An Anatomy of Disaster. New York: Pergamon Press, 1988.

Business ethics and law Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business ethics and law - Assignment Example There are many ethical dilemmas that face persons dealing in sales. These dilemmas arise from interaction with individuals and agencies both within and from outside the organization. Sales personnel are prone to facing more ethical conflicts than individuals dealing in other lines of business. These persons are not as closely supervised as other workers and they play a big role in raising income for the organization. This paper seeks to document the pressures that a sales representative working for a company that provides technical support to customers may face. The paper will delve into the dilemma the individual will be facing when the organization does not hit its first and second quarter profits consecutively. The sales representative is paid on commission, and the company has not met its quarterly expectations for the first and second quarters. This translates to a fall in the company’s revenue. As an employee of the company, he or she has the duty to execute his responsi bilities with diligence and resilience as his effort is needed to realize the company’s overall targeted performance (Weiss 213). When the company is not realizing its targets, it impacts on its competitive capacity against its rival companies. Continued failure to realize targets will drive the company to making decisions on adjusting salaries and wages to its personnel or retrenching some. The sales representative is under pressure from his duty to the company to help realize its target. The sales representative has two young children whom he or she supports from the income he or she gets from working for the sales company. The individual is just but one of thousands of people employed by the company and who most probably also survive on the salaries and wages they get from the company. Having not made any sales for a while, the sales representative is probably going without some things that he or she needs because affordability is going down with the lack or reduction of i ncome. The individual and probably the others working for the company have perhaps had to cut on certain expenditures so as to make ends meet with the way things are going in the company. Family needs are a profound source of pressure in the situation facing the sales representative. 500 Company has approached the representative to supply them with 3,000 new computers. The company stands the risk to incur high costs if they do not get the computers. What does this mean for the individual and 500 Company? The individual has the human obligation to see to it that the company does not incur the costs when he or she can help. There are people who work for the company just like he or she and many others work for their company. Incurred costs in 500 Company will perhaps translate to poor stock price and or reduced salaries and wages for its workers further affecting other innocent people who depend on these workers (Weiss 215). It will also mean that 500 Company will do poorly in its perf ormance relative to its competitors. The sales representative will feel obligated to lend a hand to avoid such a scenario from happening. 500 Company needs all the 3,000 computers supplied in two months’ time. The sales representative has 1,000 new computers ready in the warehouse. The deficit of 2,000 new computers will need to be ordered from the manufacturer. Whereas the individual knows that it would take the manufacture two months to get the 2,000 new computers ready for 500 Company, he or she also knows that the manufacturer is struggling with too many orders already. The individual has the option of closing the deal with 500 Company and deliver the 1,000new computers available and order the rest from the manufacturer. How will closing the deal with 500 Company impact on the representative’s company? He or she will enable his or her company to meet its third quarter’s target and improve its stock price. What will it mean for the representative? The represe ntative will earn a good commission from the deal and he, or she